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Ptosis, also called drooping eyelid, is caused by weakness of the muscle responsible for raising the eyelid, damage to the nerves that control those muscles, or looseness of the skin of the upper eyelids. It can affect one or both eyes and, if severe enough, may block the upper field of your vision.
Symptoms of ptosis include a decreased ability to keep your eyes open, eye strain and eyebrow fatigue, and general fatigue – especially when reading. If an underlying disease is the cause of ptosis, that disease is treated. If it is caused from aging, ptosis is treated surgically, with the specific operation based on the severity of the ptosis and the strength of the levator muscle. Surgery is designed to reattach the stretched muscle to its normal location.
Entropion is a condition in which an eyelid turns inward. The eyelashes rub against the eye, making it red, irritated and sensitive to light and wind. If left untreated, the condition can lead to excessive tearing, crusting of the eyelid, discharge, and damage to the cornea. Surgery is highly successful in treating entropion. The usual treatment for entropion involves tightening of the eyelid and its attachments to restore the lid to its normal position.
Ectropion is when lower eyelid turns outward and no longer touches the eye, exposing the conjunctiva (the mucous membrane that lines the eyelid). The eye becomes red, dry and irritated, even with excessive tearing. It usually involves one or both lower eyelids and typically does not affect the upper eyelid(s). Depending on the cause, surgery can reposition the eyelid back to its normal position against the eye.